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Compare Malaysia (2003) - Micronesia, Federated States of (2003)

Compare Malaysia (2003) z Micronesia, Federated States of (2003)

 Malaysia (2003)Micronesia, Federated States of (2003)
 MalaysiaMicronesia, Federated States of
Administrative divisions 13 states (negeri-negeri, singular - negeri) and 3 federal territories* (wilayah-wilayah persekutuan, singular - wilayah persekutuan); Johor, Kedah, Kelantan, Labuan*, Melaka, Negeri Sembilan, Pahang, Perak, Perlis, Pulau Pinang, Putrajaya*, Sabah, Sarawak, Selangor, Terengganu, Wilayah Persekutuan*


note: the city of Kuala Lumpur is within the federal territory of Wilayah Persekutuan; the terms therefore are not interchangeable;
4 states; Chuuk (Truk), Kosrae (Kosaie), Pohnpei (Ponape), Yap
Age structure 0-14 years: 33.7% (male 4,001,507; female 3,777,896)


15-64 years: 61.9% (male 7,163,252; female 7,131,745)


65 years and over: 4.4% (male 447,230; female 571,310) (2003 est.)
0-14 years: 38.4% (male 21,163; female 20,335)


15-64 years: 58.5% (male 31,746; female 31,477)


65 years and over: 3.2% (male 1,558; female 1,864) (2003 est.)
Agriculture - products Peninsular Malaysia - rubber, palm oil, cocoa, rice; Sabah - subsistence crops, rubber, timber, coconuts, rice; Sarawak - rubber, pepper; timber black pepper, tropical fruits and vegetables, coconuts, cassava (tapioca), betel nuts, sweet potatoes; pigs, chickens
Airports 114 (2002) 7 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways total: 35


over 3,047 m: 5


2,438 to 3,047 m: 5


1,524 to 2,437 m: 11


914 to 1,523 m: 7


under 914 m: 7 (2002)
total: 6


1,524 to 2,437 m: 4


914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 79


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 6


under 914 m: 72 (2002)
total: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002)
Area total: 329,750 sq km


land: 328,550 sq km


water: 1,200 sq km
total: 702 sq km


land: 702 sq km


water: 0 sq km (fresh water only)


note: includes Pohnpei (Ponape), Chuuk (Truk) Islands, Yap Islands, and Kosrae (Kosaie)
Area - comparative slightly larger than New Mexico four times the size of Washington, DC (land area only)
Background Malaysia was formed in 1963 through a federation of the former British colonies of Malaya and Singapore, including the East Malaysian states of Sabah and Sarawak on the northern coast of Borneo. The first several years of the country's history were marred by Indonesian efforts to control Malaysia, Philippine claims to Sabah, and Singapore's secession from the federation in 1965. In 1979 the Federated States of Micronesia, a UN Trust Territory under US administration, adopted a constitution. In 1986 independence was attained under a Compact of Free Association with the US. Present concerns include large-scale unemployment, overfishing, and overdependence on US aid.
Birth rate 23.7 births/1,000 population (2003 est.) 26.47 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Budget revenues: $20.3 billion


expenditures: $27.2 billion, including capital expenditures of $9.4 billion (2001 est.)
revenues: $161 million ($69 million less grants)


expenditures: $160 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1998 est.)
Capital Kuala Lumpur Palikir
Climate tropical; annual southwest (April to October) and northeast (October to February) monsoons tropical; heavy year-round rainfall, especially in the eastern islands; located on southern edge of the typhoon belt with occasionally severe damage
Coastline 4,675 km (Peninsular Malaysia 2,068 km, East Malaysia 2,607 km) 6,112 km
Constitution 31 August 1957, amended 16 September 1963 10 May 1979
Country name conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Malaysia


former: Federation of Malaysia
conventional long form: Federated States of Micronesia


conventional short form: none


former: Ponape, Truk, and Yap Districts (Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands)


abbreviation: FSM
Currency ringgit (MYR) US dollar (USD)
Death rate 5.12 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.) 5.1 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Debt - external $47.5 billion (2002 est.) $53.1 million (FY 02/03 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: Ambassador Marie T. HUHTALA


embassy: 376 Jalan Tun Razak, 50400 Kuala Lumpur


mailing address: P. O. Box No. 10035, 50700 Kuala Lumpur; American Embassy Kuala Lumpur, APO AP 96535-8152


telephone: [60] (3) 2168-5000


FAX: [60] (3) 2142-2207
chief of mission: Ambassador Larry M. DINGER


embassy: address NA, Kolonia


mailing address: P. O. Box 1286, Kolonia, Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia 96941


telephone: [691] 320-2187


FAX: [691] 320-2186
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador GHAZZALI bin Sheikh Abdul Khalid


chancery: 3516 International Court NW, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 572-9700


FAX: [1] (202) 572-9882


consulate(s) general: Los Angeles and New York
chief of mission: Ambassador Jesse Bibiano MAREHALAU


chancery: 1725 N Street NW, Washington, DC 20036


telephone: [1] (202) 223-4383


FAX: [1] (202) 223-4391


consulate(s) general: Honolulu and Tamuning (Guam)
Disputes - international involved in complex dispute over Spratly Islands with China, Philippines, Taiwan, Vietnam and possibly Brunei; claimants in November 2002 signed the "Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea," a mechanism to ease tension but which fell short of a legally binding "code of conduct"; disputes over deliveries of fresh water to Singapore, Singapore's land reclamation on Johor, maritime boundaries, and Singapore-occupied Pedra Branca Island/Pulau Batu Putih persist - parties agree to ICJ arbitration on island dispute within three years; ICJ awarded Ligitan and Sipadan islands off the coast of Sabah, also claimed by Indonesia and Philippines, to Malaysia; a small section of the Malaysia-Thailand boundary in the Kolok River remains in dispute none
Economic aid - recipient - under terms of the Compact of Free Association, the US pledged $1.3 billion in grant aid during the period 1986-2001
Economy - overview Malaysia, a middle-income country, transformed itself from 1971 through the late 1990s from a producer of raw materials into an emerging multi-sector economy. Growth was almost exclusively driven by exports - particularly of electronics - and, as a result Malaysia was hard hit by the global economic downturn and the slump in the Information Technology (IT) sector in 2001. GDP in 2001 grew only 0.5% due to an estimated 11% contraction in exports, but a substantial fiscal stimulus package mitigated the worst of the recession and the economy rebounded in 2002. Healthy foreign exchange reserves and relatively small external debt make it unlikely that Malaysia will experience a crisis similar to the one in 1997, but the economy remains vulnerable to a more protracted slowdown in Japan and the US, top export destinations and key sources of foreign investment. Economic activity consists primarily of subsistence farming and fishing. The islands have few mineral deposits worth exploiting, except for high-grade phosphate. The potential for a tourist industry exists, but the remote location, a lack of adequate facilities, and limited air connections hinder development. In November 2002, the country experienced a further reduction in future revenues from the Compact of Free Association - the agreement with the US in which Micronesia received $1.3 billion in financial and technical assistance over a 15-year period until 2001. The country's medium-term economic outlook appears fragile due not only to the reduction in US assistance but also to the slow growth of the private sector. Geographical isolation and a poorly developed infrastructure remain major impediments to long-term growth.
Electricity - consumption 63.48 billion kWh (2001) NA kWh
Electricity - exports 75 million kWh (2001) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2001) -
Electricity - production 68.34 billion kWh (2001) NA kWh
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel: 89.5%


hydro: 10.5%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2001)
fossil fuel: 0%


hydro: 0%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0%
Elevation extremes lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: Gunung Kinabalu 4,100 m
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: Dolohmwar (Totolom) 791 m
Environment - current issues air pollution from industrial and vehicular emissions; water pollution from raw sewage; deforestation; smoke/haze from Indonesian forest fires overfishing, climate change, pollution
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups Malay and other indigenous 58%, Chinese 24%, Indian 8%, others 10% (2000) nine ethnic Micronesian and Polynesian groups
Exchange rates ringgits per US dollar - 3.8 (2002), 3.8 (2001), 3.8 (2000), 3.8 (1999), 3.92 (1998) the US dollar is used 1
Executive branch chief of state: Paramount Ruler Tuanku SYED SIRAJUDDIN ibni Almarhum Tuanku Syed Putra Jamalullail, the Raja of Perlis (since 12 December 2001)


head of government: Prime Minister ABDULLAH bin Ahmad Badawi (since 31 October 2003); Deputy Prime Minister NA (since 31 October 2003)


cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the prime minister from among the members of Parliament with consent of the paramount ruler


elections: paramount ruler elected by and from the hereditary rulers of nine of the states for five-year terms; election last held 12 December 2001 (next to be held NA 2006); prime minister designated from among the members of the House of Representatives; following legislative elections, the leader of the party that wins a plurality of seats in the House of Representatives becomes prime minister


election results: Tuanku SYED SIRAJUDDIN ibni Almarhum Tuanku Syed Putra Jamalullail elected paramount ruler
chief of state: President Joseph J. URUSEMAL (since 11 May 2003); Vice President Redley KILLION; note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


head of government: President Joseph J. URUSEMAL (since 11 May 2003); Vice President Redley KILLION; note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


cabinet: Cabinet


elections: president and vice president elected by Congress from among the four senators at large for four-year terms; election last held 11 May 2003 (next to be held NA May 2007); note - a proposed constitutional amendment to establish popular elections for president and vice president failed


election results: Joseph J. URUSEMAL elected president; percent of Congress vote - NA%; Redley KILLION elected vice president; percent of Congress vote - NA%
Exports NA (2001) $22 million (f.o.b.) (FY 99/00 est.)
Exports - commodities electronic equipment, petroleum and liquefied natural gas, wood and wood products, palm oil, rubber, textiles, chemicals (2000) fish, garments, bananas, black pepper
Exports - partners US 21%, Singapore 17.4%, Japan 10.9%, China 6.5%, Hong Kong 5%, Thailand 4% (2002) Japan, US, Guam (2000)
Fiscal year calendar year 1 October - 30 September
Flag description 14 equal horizontal stripes of red (top) alternating with white (bottom); there is a blue rectangle in the upper hoist-side corner bearing a yellow crescent and a yellow fourteen-pointed star; the crescent and the star are traditional symbols of Islam; the design was based on the flag of the US light blue with four white five-pointed stars centered; the stars are arranged in a diamond pattern
GDP purchasing power parity - $198.4 billion (2002 est.) purchasing power parity - $277 million


note: $277 million $277 million GDP is supplemented by grant aid, averaging perhaps $100 million annually (2002 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 12%


industry: 40%


services: 48% (2001)
agriculture: 50%


industry: 4%


services: 46% (2000 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $8,800 (2002 est.) purchasing power parity - $2,000 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 4.1% (2002 est.) 1% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates 2 30 N, 112 30 E 6 55 N, 158 15 E
Geography - note strategic location along Strait of Malacca and southern South China Sea four major island groups totaling 607 islands
Heliports 1 (2002) -
Highways total: 65,877 km


paved: 49,935 km (including 1,192 km of expressways)


unpaved: 15,942 km (1999)
total: 240 km


paved: 42 km


unpaved: 198 km (1999 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: 1.7%


highest 10%: 38.4% (1997 est.)
lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs transit point for some illicit drugs; drug trafficking prosecuted vigorously and carries severe penalties -
Imports NA (2001) $149 million f.o.b. (FY 99/00 est.)
Imports - commodities electronics, machinery, petroleum products, plastics, vehicles, iron and steel products, chemicals (2000) food, manufactured goods, machinery and equipment, beverages
Imports - partners Japan 16.9%, Singapore 15.9%, US 15.5%, China 7.3%, South Korea 5%, Taiwan 4.7% (2002) US, Australia, Japan (2000)
Independence 31 August 1957 (from UK) 3 November 1986 (from the US-administered UN Trusteeship)
Industrial production growth rate 5% (2002 est.) NA%
Industries Peninsular Malaysia - rubber and oil palm processing and manufacturing, light manufacturing industry, electronics, tin mining and smelting, logging and processing timber; Sabah - logging, petroleum production; Sarawak - agriculture processing, petroleum production and refining, logging tourism, construction, fish processing, specialized aquaculture, craft items from shell, wood, and pearls
Infant mortality rate total: 19 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 21.97 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 15.83 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
total: 32.39 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 35.65 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 28.97 deaths/1,000 live births
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 1.9% (2002 est.) 1% (2002 est.)
International organization participation APEC, ARF, AsDB, ASEAN, BIS, C, CP, ESCAP, FAO, G-15, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITU, MINURSO, MONUC, NAM, OIC, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNMEE, UNMIBH, UNMIK, UNMISET, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO ACP, AsDB, ESCAP, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC, IFRCS (associate), IMF, IOC, ITU, OPCW, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, WHO, WMO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 7 (2000) 1 (2000)
Irrigated land 3,650 sq km (1998 est.) NA sq km
Judicial branch Federal Court (judges appointed by the paramount ruler on the advice of the prime minister) Supreme Court
Labor force 9.9 million (2001 est.) NA
Labor force - by occupation local trade and tourism 28%, manufacturing 27%, agriculture, forestry, and fisheries 16%, services 10%, government 10%, construction 9% (2000 est.) two-thirds are government employees
Land boundaries total: 2,669 km


border countries: Brunei 381 km, Indonesia 1,782 km, Thailand 506 km
0 km
Land use arable land: 5.54%


permanent crops: 17.61%


other: 76.85% (1998 est.)
arable land: 5.71%


permanent crops: 45.71%


other: 48.58% (1998 est.)
Languages Bahasa Melayu (official), English, Chinese dialects (Cantonese, Mandarin, Hokkien, Hakka, Hainan, Foochow), Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, Panjabi, Thai; note - in addition, in East Malaysia several indigenous languages are spoken, the largest are Iban and Kadazan English (official and common language), Trukese, Pohnpeian, Yapese, Kosrean, Ulithian, Woleaian, Nukuoro, Kapingamarangi
Legal system based on English common law; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court at request of supreme head of the federation; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction based on adapted Trust Territory laws, acts of the legislature, municipal, common, and customary laws
Legislative branch bicameral Parliament or Parlimen consists of the Senate or Dewan Negara (69 seats; 43 appointed by the paramount ruler, 26 appointed by the state legislatures) and the House of Representatives or Dewan Rakyat (193 seats; members elected by popular vote weighted toward the rural Malay population to serve five-year terms)


elections: House of Representatives - last held 29 November 1999 (next must be held by November 2004)


election results: House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - BN 56%, other 44%; seats by party - BN 148, PAS 27, DAP 10, Keadilan 5, PBS 3
unicameral Congress (14 seats; members elected by popular vote; four - one elected from each state to serve four-year terms; and 10 - elected from single-member districts delineated by population to serve two-year terms)


elections: elections for four-year term seats last held 4 March 2003 (next to be held NA March 2007); elections for two-year term seats last held 4 March 2003 (next to be held NA March 2005)


election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 14
Life expectancy at birth total population: 71.67 years


male: 69.01 years


female: 74.51 years (2003 est.)
total population: 69.13 years


male: 67.39 years


female: 70.95 years (2003 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 88.9%


male: 92.4%


female: 85.4% (2003 est.)
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 89%


male: 91%


female: 88% (1980 est.)
Location Southeastern Asia, peninsula and northern one-third of the island of Borneo, bordering Indonesia and the South China Sea, south of Vietnam Oceania, island group in the North Pacific Ocean, about three-quarters of the way from Hawaii to Indonesia
Map references Southeast Asia Oceania
Maritime claims continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation; specified boundary in the South China Sea


exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine total: 366 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 5,111,476 GRT/7,242,323 DWT


ships by type: bulk 62, cargo 103, chemical tanker 37, container 69, liquefied gas 23, livestock carrier 1, passenger 2, petroleum tanker 55, roll on/roll off 5, specialized tanker 1, vehicle carrier 8


note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Australia 1, China 1, Germany 2, Hong Kong 15, Indonesia 3, Japan 4, Monaco 1, Philippines 2, Singapore 78, South Korea 2, Vietnam 1 (2002 est.)
none


note: includes a foreign-owned ship registered here as a flag of convenience: US 1 (2002 est.)
Military - note - Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) is a sovereign, self-governing state in free association with the US; FSM is totally dependent on the US for its defense
Military branches Malaysian Army, Royal Malaysian Navy, Royal Malaysian Air Force, Royal Malaysian Police Field Force, Marine Police, Sarawak Border Scouts -
Military expenditures - dollar figure $1.69 billion (FY00 est.) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 2.03% (FY00) -
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49: 6,067,155 (2003 est.) -
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49: 3,672,517 (2003 est.) -
Military manpower - military age 21 years of age (2003 est.) -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males: 218,216 (2003 est.) -
National holiday Independence Day/Malaysia Day, 31 August (1957) Constitution Day, 10 May (1979)
Nationality noun: Malaysian(s)


adjective: Malaysian
noun: Micronesian(s)


adjective: Micronesian; Chuukese, Kosraen(s), Pohnpeian(s), Yapese
Natural hazards flooding, landslides, forest fires typhoons (June to December)
Natural resources tin, petroleum, timber, copper, iron ore, natural gas, bauxite forests, marine products, deep-seabed minerals
Net migration rate 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population


note: does not reflect net flow of an unknown number of illegal immigrants from other countries in the region (2003 est.)
-20.98 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Pipelines condensate 279 km; gas 5,047 km; oil 1,841 km; refined products 114 km (2003) -
Political parties and leaders ruling coalition parties: Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia Party or PGRM [LIM Kheng Yaik]; Liberal Democratic Party (Parti Liberal Demokratik - Sabah) or LDP [CHONG Kah Kiat]; Malaysian Chinese Association (Persatuan China Malaysia) or MCA [LING Ong Ka Ting]; Malaysian Indian Congress (Kongresi India Malaysia) or MIC [S. Samy VELLU]; Parti Bangsa Dayak Sarawak or PBDS [Leo MOGGIE]; Parti Bersatu Sabah or PBS [Joseph PAIRIN Kitingan]; Parti Pesaka Bumiputra Bersatu or PBB [Patinggi Haji Abdul TAIB Mahmud]; Sabah Progressive Party (Parti Progresif Sabah) or SAPP [YONG Teck Lee]; Sarawak United People's Party (Parti Bersatu Rakyat Sarawak) or SUPP [WONG Soon Kah]; United Malays National Organization or UMNO [ABDULLAH Ahmad Badawi]; United Pasokmomogun Kadazandusun Murut Organization (Pertubuhan Pasko Momogun Kadazan Dusun Bersatu) or UPKO [leader NA]; opposition parties: Democratic Action Party (Parti Tindakan Demokratik) or DAP [KERK Kim Hock]; Islamic Party of Malaysia (Parti Islam se Malaysia) or PAS [Abdul HADI Awang]; National Justice Party (Parti Keadilan Nasional) or Keadilan [WAN AZIZAH Wan Ismael]; National Front (Barisan Nasional) or BN (the ruling coalition dominated by the UMNO and includes MCA, MIC, PGRM, PBDS, SUPP, PBB, PBS, LDP, SAPP, UPKO) [ABDULLAH Ahmad Badawi] no formal parties
Political pressure groups and leaders NA -
Population 23,092,940 (July 2003 est.) 108,143 (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line 8% (1998 est.) 26.7%
Population growth rate 1.86% (2003 est.) 0.04% (2003 est.)
Ports and harbors Bintulu, Kota Kinabalu, Kuantan, Kuching, Kudat, Labuan, Lahad Datu, Lumut, Miri, Pasir Gudang, George Town (Penang), Port Dickson, Port Kelang, Sandakan, Sibu, Tanjung Berhala, Tanjung Kidurong, Tawau Colonia (Yap), Kolonia (Pohnpei), Lele, Moen
Radio broadcast stations AM 35, FM 391, shortwave 15 (2001) AM 5, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998)
Railways total: 2,418 km


standard gauge: 57 km 1.435-m gauge


narrow gauge: 2,361 km 1.000-m gauge (150 km electrified) (2002)
0 km
Religions Muslim, Buddhist, Daoist, Hindu, Christian, Sikh; note - in addition, Shamanism is practiced in East Malaysia Roman Catholic 50%, Protestant 47%
Sex ratio at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.78 male(s)/female


total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
1.05 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Suffrage 21 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: modern system; international service excellent


domestic: good intercity service provided on Peninsular Malaysia mainly by microwave radio relay; adequate intercity microwave radio relay network between Sabah and Sarawak via Brunei; domestic satellite system with 2 earth stations


international: submarine cables to India, Hong Kong, and Singapore; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Indian Ocean and 1 Pacific Ocean) (2001)
general assessment: adequate system


domestic: islands interconnected by shortwave radiotelephone (used mostly for government purposes)


international: satellite earth stations - 5 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) (2002)
Telephones - main lines in use 4.6 million (2000) 11,000 (2001)
Telephones - mobile cellular 5 million (2000) newly installed in Pohnpei and Yap
Television broadcast stations 1 (plus 15 high-power repeaters) (2001) 2 (1997)
Terrain coastal plains rising to hills and mountains islands vary geologically from high mountainous islands to low, coral atolls; volcanic outcroppings on Pohnpei, Kosrae, and Chuuk
Total fertility rate 3.13 children born/woman (2003 est.) 3.5 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Unemployment rate 3.8% (2002 est.) 16% (1999 est.)
Waterways 7,296 km


note: Peninsular Malaysia 3,209 km, Sabah 1,569 km, Sarawak 2,518 km
none
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